STEADYTRADE
Strategy backtests · past-window simulation, not investment advice
BTC/USDTETH/USDT

Parabolic SAR · BTC/USDT

Flip with the parabolic stop. Always in or out, never neutral for long.

Total return
329.8%
10,000 → 42,980
vs buy & hold
-200.1%
over the same period 529.9%
Max drawdown
71.4%
10,000 → 7,484
Longest underwater
1964
1964 days · 98% of the period
Settings that beat it
10 / 16
of 16 parameter settings tested
Win rate
42%
95% CI 34%–51% · n=128
This lost to simply buying and holding.

Over 2018-01-01 → 2026-09-23 it returned 329.8% while buying once on the first day and never touching it returned 529.9% — 200.1% worse. Across the whole parameter grid, 10 of 16 settings beat the benchmark; the median setting returned 619.0%.

It spent 1964 days below its previous high at the longest stretch — 98% of the whole period under water.

The win rate on this page is not a readable number. With 128 closed trades the 95% confidence interval runs 34%–51% — it spans a coin flip, so the headline 42% cannot be distinguished from chance at this sample size. It is shown because leaving it out would be worse, not because it supports a conclusion.

Price & fills

Equity

account equitybuy & holddashed = starting capital

257 fills. Signals are taken on the close and filled at the next open.

A 0% risk of ruin here is a property of the test, not a safety rating. These runs are long-only spot with no borrowed money, so there is no margin call and nothing can force the position closed. The account cannot be wiped out — it gets stuck holding the asset instead. Capital deployed (7×) and max drawdown (71.4%) are the numbers that carry the risk on this page. The same rules run on margin would be a different measurement, and this figure would not stay at zero.

Outcome distribution

A single return is one chosen start date. These are 95 runs of the same rules with the start shifted forward 30 days at a time.

Worstp10p25Medianp75p90BestLosing starts
-63.0%-29.9%-13.2% 13.6%47.5% 135.6%396.0%38%

Does it survive its own parameters?

The headline above uses one parameter setting. Here is every setting tested: 16 combinations, median 619.0%, best 2934.6%, worst 173.5%. 10 of them beat buy & hold.

Parameter grid

Parabolic SAR run across its own parameter range over the full period. The same rules flip from profit to loss depending only on the numbers you picked — which is why a single headline return is meaningless on its own.

step 0.01step 0.02step 0.03step 0.05
max 0.12935%684%706%1459%
max 0.21736%330%559%187%
max 0.31736%330%619%173%
max 0.51736%330%657%201%

Hover a cell for trade count and drawdown. “·” = invalid combination (fast ≥ slow).

Year by year

Year201820192020202120222023202420252026
Return-14%54%196%16%-40%57%35%-1%5%
Max DD36%35%28%46%47%19%24%28%21%
Trades141212161615181311

Recent closed trades

ClosedP&L (USDT)Held
2026-09-11 -2599.12 7 bars
2026-09-02 +6925.29 14 bars
2026-08-14 -774.16 8 bars
2026-07-25 +461.17 20 bars
2026-06-24 -625.13 12 bars
2026-05-28 -845.82 1 bars
2026-05-14 +427.99 21 bars
2026-04-21 +1818.50 13 bars
2026-03-23 -2625.64 18 bars
2026-02-25 -3853.73 16 bars
2026-01-20 +2322.87 21 bars
2025-12-15 -1160.58 18 bars
2025-10-11 -679.94 11 bars
2025-09-23 +396.16 20 bars
2025-08-16 -168.94 8 bars
2025-07-19 +3586.89 23 bars
2025-06-21 -1003.21 12 bars
2025-05-26 +4140.66 18 bars
2025-05-06 +3350.17 23 bars
2025-04-04 -472.84 14 bars
2025-03-10 -5411.79 7 bars
2025-02-25 -2850.43 4 bars
2025-01-28 +701.29 11 bars
2025-01-10 -4229.02 3 bars
2024-12-21 -1739.44 6 bars

What it is

Reference — Glowwiki: 기술적 분석
The definitions and formulas below follow that article. It states its own limit plainly:
“지표 교차를 매매 시점으로 보는 해석이 통용되나, 이는 관행적 해석이며 실제 수익으로 이어지는지는 이 문서에서 다루지 않음.”
That is the question this page answers.

Formulas

SAR step
SARₜ₊₁ = SARₜ + AF · (EP − SARₜ)
AF accelerates from a start value up to a cap as the trend extends

Established

Conventional reading

Listed as convention, not as established fact.

Sources

  1. 기술적 분석 — Glowwiki (ko)
  2. Technical analysis — Wikipedia (en)

Assumptions

Period2018-01-01 → 2026-09-23
Parameters{"step":0.02,"max":0.2}
Fees0.10% taker + 0.05% slippage, both legs
Starting capital10,000 USDT · long-only spot, no leverage
Rolling test365 bars × 95 start dates
Input hash4dd065e560df8a3d

Other strategies · BTC/USDT

Buy & HoldMartingaleGridDCAMA CrossEMA CrossRSI ReversionMACD CrossBollinger ReversionDonchian BreakoutSupertrendStochastic CrossParabolic SAR